Machine tool



June 19, 1962 E. LINSKER MACHINE TOOL.

Filed April 2l, 1960 ATTORNEYS United 3,039,331 Patented `lune 19, 1962 tice 3,039,331 MACHINE TOOL Eugene Linsker, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to Buckeye Tools Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Filed Apr. 21, 1960, Ser. No. 23,663 Claims. (Cl. 77-34.7)

This invention relates to machine tools for driving rotary cutting tools and simultaneously moving the cutting tools through prescribed linear motions, as in feeding and retracting the cutting tool.

This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Serial No. 804,993, filed April 8, 1959, and is assigned to the same assignee. In said prior application the machine tools therein disclosed are particularly adapted for precise feeding and retracting of the cutting tool under power, as provided by a linear action pneumatic motor, i.e., of the cylinder-piston type, which may be either single or double acting as desired. In some instances it is desirable to provide for such tools a manual-ly controlled feed `which is capable of feeding the cutting tool accurately. It is also desirable to provide for interchangeability of the basic rotary motor construction and mounting, and the pressure power fluid supply to such motor, and thus to have a mechanical feed which may be directly applied to such existing structure of the tool without any major modifications, and preferably without appreciably increasing the cross-sectional area which the tool must occupy.

Accordingly, the primary object of this invention is to provide a manually fed -rotary power cutting tool including an adapter which may be readily applied to existing rotary tool constructions.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a device wherein the manual feed controls can operate at two different speeds, providing a higher speed of linear motion for rapid traverse and/ or retraction, and a slower speed for precise control and higher feed force.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the fol-lowing description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.

Iln the drawing- FIG. l is a section taken on an axial plane through the center of the adapter and a rear portion of the tool;

FIG. 2 is an elevational view, with parts broken away and in section, showing the apparatus of FIG. l in a moved position; and

FIG. 3 is a sectional view through the forward end of the tool.

Referring to the drawing, which illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tool structure to which the present invention is particularly adapted includes a main tubular body having an enlarged forward end 12, preferably of rectangular cross-section, as shown in said copending application, providing a mounting connection for the tool. Within the tubular body 10 there is a hollow headpiece including an interior air supply chamber 2t), and a forwardly spaced exhaust chamber 22 of slight-ly greater diameter.

A rotary air motor 25, for example of the well known sliding-vane type, is mounted within a headpiece 15, and includes a land 26 which separates the supply and exhaust chambers from each other. Suitable reduction gearing is usually supplied, as indicated by the general reference numeral 28, and includes an internal gear 30 of a planetary gear set which is held in place by a retainer 32 threaded into the forward end of headpiece 15. The output of the reduction gearing is through a spindle 35 which is formed integrally wit-h the planet cage 36, and journaled in a forward bearing 38 which is supported in the retainer 32. A retainer ring 39 surrounds spindle 35 and engages with llats on the planet pins 39a to hold them in the assembly.

A conventional chuck, shown schematically at 40, is mounted, as by threading, on the end of spindle 35. This 'chuck is adapted to carry a rotary cutting tool, such as a drill, reamer, or the like, and the entire unit, including headpiece 15, is adapted to move axially of casing 10 while motor 25 rotates the cutting tool.

The tubular housing or casing is provided with a longitudinal slot 42 which receives a stop block 45. This block has a threaded outer surface engaging the internally threaded stop adjustment sleeve 47 which is received around the casing 10 and retained in a set position thereon by a set screw 48 which engages in an undercut segment of the casing immediately behind the enlarged mounting end 12.. 'I`hus, rotation of sleeve 47 will move the abutment or stop block 45 to a desired position along the slot 42. The headpiece '15 carries a stop lug and key 50 (FIG. l) which extends also into the slot 42, and may be fastened as by the machine screws 51 to the headpiece. This lug is thus arranged to engage the block 45 and provide a precise forward limit to movement of headpiece 15, as well as preventing rotation of the headpiece in the casing.

Similarly, a rear adjustable stop is provided by a stop ring 55 which also is provided with extending lugs 57 having threaded outer surfaces which engage with the internally threaded surface on a rear stop adjustment sleeve 58. The upper lug 57 is received in the slot 42, and the lower lug 57 enters a slot 59 which also is formed in the body 1i), in the rearward portion thereof. A seal such as an O-ring or the like 60 is carried between the overlapping ends of the sleeves 47 and 58.

Control of linear motion of the headpiece 15, and supply of motive fluid such as air under pressure to motor 25, is provided by an elongated hollow rod 65 which has a reduced and threaded forward end passing through the opening 66 in the rear of headpiece 15, and locked thereto by the retainer nut 67. The forward end of the tube 65 also preferably carries a metering orifice 68 of the governor 69 (FIG. 3) for the rotary motor.

The tube 65 extends for a considerable distance rea-rwardly beyond the casing 10. Surrounding this tube, and received over it, is a feed adapter which forms the mounting for the manual control in accordance with this invention. This adaptor includes a main body 70 which has an enlarged forward bore 71 dimensioned to pass over lthe rear end of the casing `10, and `secured thereto by the screw 72. Rearwardly of this bore the body 70 is provided with a long centrally located passage or bore which is aligned to receive the tube 65, and to which the tube maintains a sliding seal engagement, through its enlarged rearward end 76 carrying an O-ring or the like 78.

The tube is provided with a section of internal feed threads 8i), and these threads meet with an elongated hollow feed screw 32 which includes an internal passage 83 opening forwardly into the interior of thetube 65, and connected at the rear through a cross passage 84 with an air supply chamber 85. Air under pressure may be supplied through a fitting S8 mounted to extend through one side of the body 70 and opening into the supply chamber 485. Admission of pressure air may be controlled by a suitable manually operated plug valve, parts of which are shown in section at 89.

'Ihe rearward end of the feed screw 82 is formed as the planet cage of a three element planetary gear transmission unit. This cage construction includes at least one mounting shaft 92 supporting a planet gear 93 which in turn is in mesh with a fixed internal gear 95 carried in the body 70. The planet shaft 92 is held in position through a retainer washer 96 positioned by the snap ring 97.

Rearwardly of the cage structure 90 is a combined drive and indicator body 169 which is of essentially hollow construction, and which is fastened to the cage 90, and thus to lead screw 82, by a number of bolts, one of which is shown at 192i. These parts are supported for rotation within the body 70 by a ball bearing y10?, preferably located at the joint between the cage 90` and body 100 as shown. The bearing is held in the body, and in turn holds the internal gear 915, by a retainer ring 165 threaded into the rear end of Ybody 70y and locked in position by a set screw litwhich is arranged to spread a segment of the retainer ring and thus resist its turning.

An indicator ring 197 is received about `the exterior of the body G, and is held in place by a snap ring w8. This ring may be provided with suitable indicia cooperating with further markings on the body 70, as shown in FIG. 2, to provide a micrometer reading of the position of the lead screw S2 corresponding to a partial revolution thereof, and thumb screw 1li@ provides a convenient way of hol-ding the ring at a Zero setting.

A manually operable drive or control shaft 110 is rotatably mounted in the body 100, being secured to the inner race of a ball bearing 112 by the nut 113, and having a forward end received in the needle Ibearing 114. A hand wheel 115, including a crank `arm 116, is carried by the shaft 110, retained against a shoulder 118 at lthe end of this shaft, and having a drive connection through a key 119. Within the shaft 114) is a selector rod 12) which is `arranged to slide in the shaft, but has a drive connection for simultaneous rotation through a sliding key 122. A pinion 125 is formed on the end of this rod, and the rod is undercut behind the pinion at 127, carrying a polygonal drive part 130, lsuch as a hex nut, which abuts the resulting shoulder.

The pinion 125 is adapted to mesh with the planet gear 93 when the rod 12) is in its rearward position, as shown in FIG. 1, while the nrernber 130 is arranged to t in a complementary socket 132 formed in the forward end of body 100 with rod 120 in its forward position. Movement of the rod between these two positions is accomplished manually, with a knob 134 being fastened through pin 136 to rod 120 to provide a convenient grasping part. The two extreme positi-ons are also indicated by a detent including the spring pressed balls 137 received in a cross passage 138 in the rod, and engaging in `either of the two detent sockets 140 formed in the inner surface of the shaft 110.

With rod 120 in its forward position (FlG. 2) each revolution of the wheel 115 will produce the same movement of cage structure 9) and of lead screw 82. The feed ratio is thence 1:1. By drawing the rod 120 to its rearward position (FIG. l) the pinion 125 is brought into mesh with the planet gear 93, and for each revolution of the wheel there will result a fractional revolution of the lead screw. In a preferred embodiment of the invention this ratio has been selected as 10:1.

The present invention thus provides a novel feed control adapter for power operated tools such as disclosed in the aforementioned copending application. This adapter unit can be readily applied to such tools in place of a power feed arrangement, or vice-versa. The adapter maintains a constant supply of motive fluid -to ythe rotary motor at all times, and also maintains the same relatively small cross-sectional dimensions of the tool which are important in mounting of the tool in limited space.

While the form of apparatus herein described constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise form of apparatus, and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention Which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A power tool of the character described comprising a tubular casing, a hollow headpiece supported for sliding movement in one end of said casing, a hollow rod secured to said headpiece and extending through said casing, passage means connecting the interiors of said rod and said headpiece, a rotary fluid motor mounted in said headpiece and adapted to receive a supply of motive tluid through said passage means, an adapter body removably mounted on the other end of said casing and having a central bore receiving said rod and communicating with the hollow interior of said rod, a connector opening into said bore and `adapted to conduct a supply of pressure fluid into said bore for maintaining a motive tluid supply to said motor through said rod during movement of said rod and headpiece relative to said casing and adapter, a threaded portion on said rod, a threaded driving lead screw mounted for rotation in said adapter body and engaging said threaded portion on said rod to control linear movement of said headpiece with respect to said casing by rotation of said lead screw, and selectively operable drive means connected to rotate said lead screw.

2. A power tool of the character described comprising a tubular casing having mounting means adjacent one end thereof, a hollow headpiece supported for sliding movement in said one end of said casing, a hollow rod secured to said headpiece and extending through said casing, passage means connecting the interiors of said rod and said headpiece, a rotary fluid motor mounted in said headpiece and adapted to receive a supply of motive iluid through said passage means, an adapter body removably mounted on the other end of said casing and having a central bore receiving said rod and opening into the hollow interior thereof, a connector opening into said bore and adapted to conduct a supply of pressure fluid into said bore for maintaining a motive iluid supply -to said motor during movement of said rod and headpiece relative to said casing and adapter, a threaded portion on said rod, a threaded driving lead screw mounted for rotation in said adapter body and engaging said threaded portion on said rod to control linear movement of said headpiece with respect to said casing by rotation of said lead screw, and selectively operable plural speed manual drive means connected to rotate said lead screw.

3. A power tool of the character described comprising a tubular casing having mounting means adjacent one end thereof, a hollow headpiece supported for sliding movement in said one end of said casing, a hollow rod secured to said headpiece and extending through said casing, passage means connecting the interiors of said rod and said headpiece, `a rotary fluid motor mounted in said headpiece and adapted to receive a supply of motive tluid through said passage means, an adapter body removably mounted on the other end of said casing and having a central bore receiving said rod and communicating with the hollow interior thereof, a connector opening into said bore and adapted to conduct a supply of pressure iluid into said bore for maintaining a motive fluid supply to said motor during movement of said rod and headpiece relative to said casing and adapter, a threaded portion on said rod, a threaded driving lead screw mounted for rotation in said adapter body and engaging said threaded portion on said rod to control linear movement of said headpiece with respect to said casing by rotation of said lead screw, and selectively operable lead screw means connected to rotate said drive including a manually rotatable wheel and a gear Ireduction unit connected to rotate said lead screw in response to rotation of said wheel.

4. A power tool of the character described comprising a tubular casing having mounting means adjacent one end thereof, a hollow headpiece supported for sliding movement in said one end of said casing, a hollow rod secured to said headpieceand extending through said casing, passage means connecting the interiors of said rod and said headpiece, a rotary fluid motor mounted in said headpiece and adapted to receive a supply of motive iluid through said passage means, an adapter body removably mounted on the other yend of said casing and having a central bore receiving said -rod and communicating with the hollow interior of said rod, a connector opening into said bore and adapted to conduct a supply of pressure uid into said bore for maintaining a motive iluid supply to said motor during movement of said rod and headpiece relative to said casing and adapter, a threaded portion on said rod, a threaded driving lead screw mounted for rotation in said adapter body and engaging said threaded portion on said rod to control linear movement of said headpiece with respect to said casing by rotation of said lead screw, a manually rotatable drive wheel mounted on said adapter body, a variable speed transmission having an input `and an output, means connecting said driving Wheel to said input of said transmission, means connecting said output of said transmission to said lead screw for rotation thereof, and a control for selectively changing the drive ratio of said transmission.

5. A power -tool of the character described comprising a tubular casing having mounting means adjacent one end thereof, a hollow headpiece supported for sliding movement in said one end of said casing, a hollow rod secured to said headpiece and extending through said casing, passage means connecting the interiors of said rod vand said headpiece, a rotary iluid motor mounted in said headpiece and adapted to receive a supply of motive iluid through said passage means, an adapter body removably mounted on the other end of said casing and having a central bore receiving said rod and communieating with the hollow interior of said rod, a connector opening into said bore and adapted to conduct a supply of pressure fluid into said bore for maintaining a motive fluid supply to said motor during movement of said rod and headpiece relative to said casing and adapter, a threaded portion on said rod, a threaded driving lead screw mounted for rotation in said adapter body and engaging said threaded portion on said rod to control linear movement of said headpiece with respect to said casing by rotation of said lead screw, a manually rotatable drive wheel mounted on said adapter body, a three element planetary gear transmission, one of said elements having a drive connection with said wheel, a second of said elements having a drive connection with said lead screw, the third element being mounted stationary in said adapter body, and means for selectively connecting said wheel to said second element and disconnecting said wheel from said one element to bypass said transmission and rotate said lead screw directly from said wheel.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,857,789 Robinson Oct. 28, 1958 2,881,589 Hitt et a1. Apr. 14, 1959 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CGRRECTION Patent No. 3039,33l June 19, 1962 Eugene Linsker It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 4, lines 65 and 66, for "lead screw means connectecl to rotate said drive" read drive means connected to rotate said lead screw Signed and sealed this 9th day of October 1962.

(SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST w. swlDEE DAVID L- LADD Attesting Ufficer Commissioner of Patents 

